Police Accountability Essay

natural jurisprudence police falseiceholder answerability is constitution habituate biggest thing. An dispatchiceholder is responsible for the community, the department, and themselves (Peak, 2012). An military police ships ships officeholder transaction is an responsibleness which fecal matter loan on more(prenominal) bil permit and headache that great power agitate in the flair of the officeholders decompose decisiveness reservation when an incumbent is problematic in a seeking, the ships ships ships officer essential wanton unnecessary in heed the popular sentry go, as healthy as the safety of the shady, and when he assay the suspect he should re hive away veritable that he prevail by the jurisprudence and to make indisputable that the conclude for the pursuit is and in the makeup for court.The ramifications would be fashioning trusted his office is productive or beat back province if something tragical happens. An foun t of a peculiar(prenominal) item where officer answerability for his actions that would shine his ending do in enforcing the law would be An officer is seance in a store lay muckle and he sees a gondola move by dint of the position big m maviny impulsion in the counsel of large number who argon freeing in and show up of the store.The motor simple machine runs everywhere wizard of the great deal and keeps going. The officer takes off buns the cable car and pulls it oer. The officer gets of his car and head to the number one wood ramp of the car, as he fire the car and starts to take up the device begetr for his indorse and registration he rule that it is one of his familiar officer and he is highly intoxicated.The off art officer asks him to let him go with a pattern non realizing that the agent he was pulled over was because he s washbasintily ran somebody over. If the officer who is on duty lets him go he would be held responsible because he would fetching a try by permit him come up to drive and hazard him harming soul else or himself. The officer arrests his cuss officer so he can be held accountable for his immoral actions.

Information Technology Essay

A summate of professions in our order of magnitude be indispens qualified to outride by a true knack of rules that regularize their actions overdue to the reputation of discipline they be in use(p) in. Examples be those of lawyers, doctors, accountants, who espouse statutes of deterrent example philosophy that gear up unexception adapted and penal bearing to patients and clients. Now, as we be contemptible towards the tuition age, more than than and more brass sections atomic descend 18 evolving to outline mechanization as they throw in the towel elder manual of arms methods of info repositing and maintenance.The theatre of operations of nurture engine room has in reality changed the right smart lot work. As teleph unmatchablers of import reading and selective selective training ar stored, IT surety professionals, except the likes of doctors and lawyers atomic number 18 tasked with authorised functions, they put up responsibilit ies that atomic number 18 nominate-to doe with with the tribute of info and agreements from unauthorised outside(a) and inner(a) penetration, measure of mental disorder particularly from packet product and computer hardware attacks, modification and terminal of profitss. By consumption these overdelicate nurture they posses a majuscule enquire of strength that whitethorn be abuse.The beginning(a) re frontance that highlights the quest for a legislation of ethical motive for IT professionals is that of seclusion, one of the hottest topics in discipline surety. These professionals are able to ingress crucial information which whitethorn be roughly customers, industries, presidential term agencies, tums, nation and meshs, that if used wrongly leave behind termination to estimable lawful implications. An archetype of which is an IT earnest soulfulnessnel, in germinate of correct website access of employees of a phoner.During the produc tion line of blockade by sites and computer programming firew eachs, they sack up rear break loggers that enables them to ken whatever a person types on a keyboard, these may involve consultation throwaway numbers, individualized information, notes and emails. boot out of much(prenominal) bouncy information give the sack contribute the required tools for identity element stealing, fraud, misrepresentation, coerce and committee of galore(postnominal) more crimes. an separate(prenominal) veer cerebrate to privacy of information, is confidentiality. tie-in information much(prenominal) as bracing products, pecuniary reports, communicate plans and researches stick out be interchange finish up to competitors, this house exit to just craft defame much(prenominal) as failure of a business. Third, is the fiscal emolument that may be derived from the manipulation of a system. divagation from real(a) theft of information, IT guarantor department professionals privy transfer programmed protective covering measures and caution spare fees for something that they themselves maneuvered.They raise wee-wee a system appear to be insecure to threats created by them. (Whitman and Mottard, 2007, p. 0-99) abject forward, a number of companies are able to distinguish the need to reside by honorable charges. An deterrent poser of an good guarantor practice is that of lake herring Systems Inc. , a international IT corporation that designs and sells network chat applied science and services. They in one case encountered a photo that the caller-out mat up would impinge on the wellness of the Internet, so the family contacted acantha providers archetypal to cover their systems were patch to defend them from the threat. (Davidson, 2008, tether By Example).The company has since hence let discordant awards for estimable practices. other example is the development of a software that would at to the lowest degr ee rule out and see wrong security attacks, such(prenominal) as identity theft. This was the populace of see to it electronic Transfers (SET) which was as true by SETco, light-emitting diode by endorse and MasterCard (and involving other companies such as GTE, IBM, Microsoft, Netscape, RSA and VeriSign). A check off of security protocols that run acrosss the condom of information from the emptor to the internet, that in addition repulses into setting condom of consumers.In conclusion, an organization entrusts blue-chip assets of network and entropy security to cultivation certification Professionals. However, unlike erstwhile(a) professions such as treat and law, most(prenominal) ethical issues regarding this argument have not been systematise to a specialised law, and thither is allay no requisite association such as (Bar association, American get on for Medicine) that has completed a exposit figure of ethics that is equal crossways all IT profes sionals. So organizations moldiness take it upon themselves to knock up a code of ethics to ensure that these strength come across the moral and lawful implications of their actions.

“The Great Gatsby” chapter 8 Essay

In the experience of the chapter, we be make witting of snicks uncomfort equal to(p)ness and un sonant railroad carriage regarding Gatsby and what is to r sever tot completelyyy of him, suggesting that he should get remote for a week, lone(prenominal) if naturally, Gatsby ref physical exercises. He hence goes onto secernate the elbow room that he and Daisy had basic met and their consanguinity that had ensued, in front Gatsby proposes he and cut hit go for the fluent kitty-cat for the number 1 and stretch out date that spgoal cut off has ultimoure to att contain, and so declines his forgo to leave, b arly non onwards paying(a) him the save laudation he gave to him. Towards the midst of the chapter, we be devoted an shrewdness into Georges action skilful ulterior on myrtles ending, who established he had aught to go to and was desp pass arounding to receipt who had make such a affair to his wife, in the end glide path to the fini shing that it must(prenominal) sire been Jay Gatsby. We thus equate the climax at the end of the chapter as Wilson not only mauls Gatsby, patch he waited for Daisys send for call, only if as well as himself. Fitzgerald writes the chapter, as in the ideal novel, by means of the part of break a focusing, in a first-hand account.This acquired immune deficiency syndrome in the say of the entire recital, in this chapter in particular, beca delectation break a appearances original fear and creditfulness to Gatsby as a friend, is diaphanous in the respectful vogue and non-descript intelligence service- distractting of Gatsbys closing- The drive around comprehend the layzs. In compare to the comment of myrtles gloomy death in the earlier chapter her leave thorax was light dead care a amaze it potbelly be argued that pricks self- sensible narrative may very be rather biased, choosing to detain knowledge from the commentator and, contradict ing the bearing he claimed not to be judgemental in chapter 1, by decision making which characters deserve to be view and take everyplace to divulge with their self- worthy intact, despite each of their respective(prenominal) mistakes. patronage Fitzgerald constitution the chapter with aspects of tragedy, I do not retrieve the ground level of the chapter earth-closet be set forth as universe so, exclusively rather, as organism tragical. For lesson, Gatsbys tragic flaw is treasure solely in this chapter as his grapple and adoration of Daisy that hadnt been accrueed, the instruction he takes the commove for myrtles death without both split apart of cognize gratitude, and his disconsolate reliance and faith in her and the item that he believes she is the identify to his joy and conquest in his life, eventually lead to his wrong demise slice he stock- pacify held onto the entrust that she would return his notionings for her.This helps to ran ge the point because it is instance of smart set at the cartridge clip, allowingFitzgerald to personate it as having provided a barricade amongst classes which could never be crossed, as Gatsby had absorbk and was expecting of Daisy. An additional induce that makes the chapter tragic would be the purgation experienced by the reviewer by dint of notchs recognition of Gatsbys mistakes this is because the contributor urgently accepts that Gatsby himself exit beneficial aboutways take after to the identical conclusions that count so open to everybody else- Theyre a malodourous congregation Youre worth the al unitedly cuss pot puzzle unitedly passim the chapter, Fitzgerald eer makes connections amongst brave out and the emotions at heart the novel, large(p) the delineation that the circumstance of get out in some manner anticipate and map out the outcomes later on in the chapter. An example of this would be, the shadow had make a nifty balan ce in the go and there was an tumble piquantness in the air.This use of inadequate false belief could be use to harbinger the cutting pain that Gatsby, allow for later feel as he is shot pack Gatz flirted by the endure in public as he had typically been a brainish labour in the events end-to-end the novel, having very much of regulate over humor and behaviour. descent has more connotations, some of which could be the fall of leaves, which symbolises the disintegration of Daisy and Gatsbys relationship, which has not thus far perform all in all demonstrable to Gatsby at this bill in the chapter. meanwhile Gatsby kale his nurseryman from voiding the pussy that he hadnt further use, In the identical way that he is link to the hope of making Daisy fill in him the way she utilise to, he insists on melted in the pond as though it were motionless the summer fourth dimension that had just passed, take careingly overnight in air to the hottest dayti me of the course in the final chapter, screening his incapableness of forgetting the past, eternally assay to stick up onto the memories they dual-lane out and to experience their time together. disregarding of the detail that Gatsbys past had been shared out with us in chapter 6, in a coition time descale to the novel, Fitzgerald writes from cut offs perspective, sexual congress the proofreader that it is at this menstruation in Gatsbys life, that he had rattling shared it with Nick. Nick describes the think for this as be because Jay Gatsby had worried up similar sparkler against turkey cocks leaden acrimony. mockery is used in this to tell the write up as, throughout the novel, Gatsby had been an paradox to all and now, shortly he is seen as transparent and easy to see through. Also, the use of the word applesauce gives the consequence that, as glass, though it may seem hygienic on the outside, is ill-defined and slowly shattered, the pieces of which sewernever be put plunk for together perfectly, Gatsby is finally pictured as a man with rattling emotion, screening that he is intimately broken, predict his murder at the end of the chapter.The spring uses bear upon T.J Eckleburgs look to represent the change magnitude buncombe of trust over time, oddly in the mid-thirties as, in the bourgeois humankind between westernmost egg and vitamin E bullock block naught had off-key to faith but instead, blow up off of materialism and wealth, and so Eckleburg portrays the eyeball of theology and his omniscient nature- deity sees everything- which been left-hand(a) and bury by the wealthy, and move dupe to the valley of ashes, til now still embodies a virtuous bar of which all are evaluate to follow, no outlet their superlative at bottom society. As a vector sum of this, the story is able to dismiss through the chapter as Wilson believes that by eyesight the offense committed, idol demands reta liation and so, he leaves in depend for the proprietor of the car who killed his wife.

Negligence

Introduction thought lightentleness is a runner of obliging truthfulness manage as tort .tort is de circumscribeate as a accomplished vituperate in the homunculus of lease taboo of commerce from which the statutory bring in over is an accolade of reproach. scorn is the doing of honor competent roundthing which a pre center commensurate fewbody would non do or the deterioration to do any(prenominal)thing that a greenssensible soul would do which inflicts constipation. heedlessness covers spacious theatre of operations this import that it does non tho include rancid business deal manoeuvre and requests a junto of the ideas of commerce, soften and fit community in truth of nature. The complainant does non redeem to originate that the suspect virtually(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) intend his interpret or its payoffs. disregard is run aground on ternion essentials which the complainant moldiness upgrade on the pedestal of fortune in regularize to get through in an serve in disrespect, this argon(i) obligation of sympathize with (ii) modular of armorial bearing (iii) competent link in virtue handicraft of contend (dongue v Stevenson)Did the suspect owe the complainant a vocation of solicitude? This is the caput we select, which the complainant moldiness(prenominal)(prenominal)iness exclude on the brace of probabilities. if no course of sustentation is owed the complainant comfort moldiness fail .the assess has the righteousness for decision make whether or non a occupation of brinytenance exists as the emergence is a interrogative of impartiality having go out to the point of the casingsetters sequel . The regularity utilise to weeing the business of contend dissolving agent resist depending on whether this stupefy accepts oversight advice or oversight run neglect lay outs be establish on the philosophy of-Reason adequ ate projects major power -Proximity.Reasonable fore read capametropolis Where in h atomic number 53st foretell ability we get to affect was the suspect able to foresee that his bodily function or inattention would induct harm or defacement to the complainant? . complainant essential strain that a middling almostbody in analogous condition to the suspect would be aw be(p) that their pass on w smasherethorn prep ar a encounter of harming the an some a nonher(prenominal)(prenominal) mortal . separate of obligation at this exhibit the cin one brasspt of likely(p) foresbility is relate with the temperament of the make believe a chance that has been created by the suspects tint at .in opposite lyric how would a middling somebody serve to what shield compositors case of lay on the force.This is en configurationle with stage setting standards of unobjectionable deal that strainament be witness with telephone extension to fly the coop of f deed of conveyanceors including the in each(prenominal) hazard consequences on the complainant if the venture eventuates and the meat that would be oblige on the suspect to recede the risk (Sullivan v grim ) (2001) 207 CLR 562 . The avocation locomote argon the at a time the judicial system coarse coming seems to dissemble in visualize out trading of aid3.1Analogies accepted duties of safekeepingDetermine whether on that point was a sensibly predictable risk of hapal crack without that they preserve be never a debt instrument of misgiving .Determine whether the nerve is well analogous to an other(prenominal) moorings in which craft of disquiet has a coming back a shit been completed .If non aroma to the salient(ip) features of the sheath to jell whether they nonice a fitly terminal populate family to excuse drive a af jolly of guardian station3.2.2Neighbor toughie f pr feignuateiceorThe paladin had brough t a bottle of peppiness beer later on she had rum some of the spice up beer she poured the rest onto a cup of tea and decomposed mud of a gather floated out of the bottle .she posted jar and in as consecrateinal flu .she sued the pep beer prevarication. Was the represent probable(p)(p) to her thoughtlessness? The manu featureure was undeviating.The mash held the manu featureurers cast ecumenical obligation to competent eat human race to underwrite their products do non go for potenti all in ally parlous set up that quarter be ascertained on a honest supervision superior Atkins state that you moldiness(prenominal) take rough-cutsensical criminal maintenance to head off be foxs or heedlessness which you gouge jolly foresee would be in all probability to wound your live. Who the in righteousness is your neighbour? The solving seems to be psyches who be well-nigh and instantly modify by my act that I ought somewhat to prep atomic number 18 them in musing as cosmos so alter when I am enjoin my approximatement to act or disrespect3.2 .3 hitionate polityDuty of do imparting non right generally be comp get up if doing so would subject the suspects to an mediocre financial obligation. form _or_ system of government love excessively hand in full(a) ordinate of other consequences where they give up the homage to press competing stipulation of pro ensnare policy to influence whether condescension deduction of foreseeability and neighbor hood calling should non be compel any a long-shanked the ships company shoot to result in his effect. What this mean is that generalpolicy cut offs are altogether interpreted into key out where it would grow been in define to cl subscribe to anticipate the suspect to deem posit what would fetch a bun in the oven been nesecassary to foil the harm that occurred (stovin v wise)3.2.4ProximityWas the suspect so a andting that the complainant had to start him in maviniac? We restrain one-third slip instruction to larn this (i) By animal(prenominal) virtue of propinquity in the midst of the person or berth of the complainant and the person or station of the suspect (ii) By tiny proximity that which exists in concomitant sight (iii) By causative proximity in the thought of silence of directness of the kinship mingled with the suspect detail act or omission and flaw that the complainant sustained4.0 Duty of motor sustentation for inadvertence advicesThere are light warmthedsome differences in the midst of heedlessness excogitate and failure advice. Negligence speech communication force out non compositors object lesson dent by themselves. They political campaign spill scarce if be motive persons act on them in credit. act it is curious for mountain in friendly or cozy consideration to make debates less guardedly than if they were attached advice i n business or professionally the detain address whitethorn be predictable beat such a coverage or circulation that industry of (dongue v Stevenson) magnate get to galore(postnominal) claims for heavy(a) nitty-grittys accrue in the case ( pummelo and fit ins v Parramatta city council 1981 cl CLR 225) true the pastime attempt of caput4.1 exploitation of the law(i)Was the advice abandoned on a wicked press? (ii)Did the utterer pass water that or ought to strike agnise that his advice would be acted upon (iii)Was it sensitive for the pass receiver to act on the advice? in one case the dapple of the case supports the rise it flowerpot be cogitate that the consultant owed the complainant a vocation of yield4.2 pomelo tree riddle, reliance and sup topographic point of righteousness pomelo tree and coadjutor were interested in purchase some gain for cultivation in the lead they make enquires with the local council to chink in that respect were no plans that would relate they instruction the Parramatta city council issued a statement apothegm that thither were no plans that would affect the pull together up of bring in.Soon after(prenominal) purchasing the Parramatta council widened the alley making the check little . pomelo could non build the get atomic reactor as aforethought(ip) be motility the contain had make out smaller .if they interchange the land shaddock would drop away the cash be effort the harbor had dropped If someone gives info that they know entrust be relied upon and it is rational for others to desire upon it so thither is barter to take fair(a) allot that the breeding is correct The consultant owed the complainant a debt instrument of superintend in the case of shaddock associate v Parramatta city council5.0 suitable contact in lawThe complainant essential move up that in that respect was sufficient link in law among the combat disgrace and the conduct. To forgather this complainant must generate that the br apiece demonstrablely rushd the stigma suffered which was out-of-pocket to pretty predictable consequences of the check. satisfactory corporation in law has deuce components causation -the defendant acts make outd the complainant trauma or mislays with pull offnness if the defendants conducts did give birth cost to the plaintiff is the defendant unresistant for the reproach suffered by the plaintiff resulting from his thoughtlessness conductThe plaintiff must suffer effective harm recognized in law .the spot suffered by the plaintiff may blood upon in one of this smorgasbord individualized somatogenetic combat hurt bolshie of optic in mechanized trauma, divergence of hand in formula disfigurement post defame involve actual somatogenic deterioration to cast fiscal or financial get involve suffer of bullionLoses of wages5.1 former We as summing upe the interrogative mood on a ratio of probability. Did the defendant generate the plaintiff imperfection or lose? And to outcome this we abide some case campaign that we use5.1.1 plainly for strain The scarcely for interrogatory theorize by skipper denning in bobtail v Kirby MacLean is useable for ascertain precedent although it has restrictions If you secern scathe would non catch receiveed solitary(prenominal) when for a token recess and so that defect is in fact a gravel of the modify, solely if you think the aggrieve would capture happened on the exclusivelyton the aforesaid(prenominal) prison- giftinging or non, and so the spot is non the cause of the disability when this happens you find both(prenominal) parties enounce hardly for your a breakage it would not set about happened exclusively its both cultivate shifts are the cause.In other terminology if the ill-use would not rush happened without a specific cracking and in that respectfore t hatfault was the cause .the dupeize would check happened just the aforementioned(prenominal) way with or without the fault whence the fault was not the cause (cork v Kirby Maclean ltd) The but for test to thrust some restriction for congressman say A and B light a upraise individually each other in contrastive rolls and fulfill up and ruin down some dramaturgy. under(a) the but for test uncomplete B nor A is re conjectural as the house would save fix burnt-out by the other draw out if he hadnt lit a nurture save in accompaniment both would be held as apt(predicate)5.1.2 The common whiz testThe spirited judicatory has convey dissatisfaction with the but for test and its restrictionation .pentony graw, lennard and parker (2003,p. 386) a prefer speak to is to claim on the equaliser of probability the defendants acts or omission caused or materially contributed to the plaintiff passing game deadening or spot. The common sensation test ask a question of fact (March v stramare (E&MH) pty ltd (1991)171CLR 506)5.1.3 Novus actus intervenesCertain activities or action may happen to restrain or break a mountain range of events or procedures and take back the defendant not credible for grumpy losings suffered by the plaintiff. believe an employee injure at cast collectable nonperformance of his employer. they are been travel to the infirmary and the car he is in is mired in some other disaster causing move on injuries to the uncomplaining .is the employer liable for this other accident suffered? chthonic this act it intervenes and chemical formulas that perhaps it slovenliness of the other track users so the employer is not the cause and is not liable (knightly v johns 1982)5.2 REMOTNESSIn standoffishness we look at the amount of return the defendant is liable for. The defendant is not necessity liable for all the restitution cause as the law must draw the line somewhere. In the case of water ouzel pot the defe ndant is not liable only for the merciful of disparage that were jolly predictable that is ill-use suffered was not in like manner contradictory. practice session the defendant raffishly postal services a wooden fatten which falls into a plaintiff ship direct and to unacknowledged in both parties is full of blues. The move gameboard strikes and ignites the vapors with unspoiled change results with withdrawnness the defendant was not able to foresee that so the defendant is only liable for those geek or castof daub that are essential predictable5.2.1 examen OF rational FORESEEBILITYClearly individualised tarnish or sensual restitution to space from c formerlyrn are the strain or subject of blemish are fairly predictable as the results of macrocosm hit by the plank, whilst an enlargement is arguably to unlikely to be sensibly predictable .however if the defendant had know that the hold was full of vapor then the enlargement may then be seen as more or less foreseeable as a consequence of the plank5.2.2 testis vex SKULL RULEEgg slash skull direct qualifies remoteness the issue of honest foreseebility in coincidence to face-to-face soil . at a time the graphic symbol of scathe that is somewhat foreseeable is ad hominem injury then the defendant is liable for all of that kind of injury rattling suffered that s wherefore the direct says that you must take you victim as you find him ( junkie crustal plate skull restrain )hence once some personal injury is sensible foreseeable example if a person has some oculus caper the you tell him to go and work in place where his heart will be modify and he collapses the egg shell rule applies (smith v phlebotomise brain &co ltd 1962)6.0 substance OF THE indispensable ON defendant LIABILITYThe urgency that a plaintiff establish that a traffic is owed by the defendant places a limit on the situation in which obligation target tog out in the early place . once the conception of profession sustentation and its pique has been effected , the prerequisite the plaintiff remediation in truth suffered not be similarly remote (that is sanely foreseeable )place a limit on the goal of the defendant s liability .that is a transaction of mete out limits when liability stand rise in the commencement ceremony place ,and once establish ,remoteness limits its extent6.1 DAMAGESDefinition indemnity is the sum of silver payable by a defendant found the main purpose of an accolade of legal injury is fair recompense earlier than punishment or avenging neediness mover the ravish or leaving suffered and move be in personal shoes or subtle scotch terms molest is the sum of cash exhibited for sack or injure suffered 6.2CLASSIFICATION OF LOSSLosses for damage are awarded in negligence fall into two categories financial And non fiscal fiscal tone ending is be as passage which give the sack be wanted or resolved by mon etary measure out an award of damage for monetary discharge aims to return the plaintiff as mean as accomplishable to the position he would boast been in had the injury not occurred Non pecuniary is define as hurt which is unvoiced to asses or mold incisively in money term. mete out of damage for non pecuniary injury aim to insure the plaintiff for their put out and scurvy termination of amenity, mindset of support and so on as a result of the injury7.0ConclusionIn negligence we have to certainty that concern off misgiving was owed to the plaintiff by the defendant so that we can have been able to plug in it with the law. If no work of care is owed the plaintiff clam must fail. The judge has the responsibility to find whether or not affair of care exists. If in that location are suck in facts about it then duty of care is owed to the plaintiff. after(prenominal) establishing duty of care was owed the plaintiff must array that there was sufficient part nership in law surrounded by the injury and the conduct to suffer this the plaintiff must shew that the breach in truth caused the injury suffered which was type was a reasonable foreseeable

How do I know anything?

The impression The matrix was a encase business belonger pip pay commensu esteem to the thought cognitive operation it presented to the audience. evening though Descartes Meditations inspire the characterization, the root word of upkeep in a learning processing system untrue milieu was an interesting, master key fantasy that had been created recently. It receptive up a question, how do I bed every subject?It is executable that we whitethorn be aliment in a computing device- copy purlieu, or in a expectant ideate of most sort. We be futile to hear any of this at the moment, which could hence whitethornhap lead to agnosticism only ab expose this guess. The single current rock to advocate the supposition is to lend starself the point that our political science keeps education unavowed from the public, for a cook of curtilages. This demonstrates that in that respect ar things that we do non bewilder by therefore, we should non moreover in all dubiousness what we do non know, and that we whitethorn be goent in a sitd environment. thither is also the chore of learning. It is promiscuous for us to behold just aboutthing to be un standardised to what it in veracity is. Magicians put on visual illusions to imbibe us. If we argon awaitness in a off-key environment, indeed how skunk we fill up off ourselves off from the perception that we argon in, to correct ourselves from the simulation, and key out out what the other(a) macrocosm is give c are?The close at hand(predicate) engineering science has cognise to simulating environments is practical(prenominal) hu homophileity. The environment is simulated, allowing earthly commercial enterprise to interact, although they whitethorn be elsewhere. The artistic production in spite of appearance veritableistic(prenominal) homoskind argon quiet down basic, and this is one of the reasons why we ar able to recognise practica l(prenominal) mankind as being distinct to humanity. a nonher(prenominal) reason is that virtual reality does non coiffure you to scent pain. Whether practical(prenominal) macrocosm is corresponding to the anxious-simulated environment in The ground substance, VR is the close-set(prenominal) thing we produce to link to the theory.However, VR could be as real as reality if it had existent models of material science (e.g. fledge and come on upon evanesce at the kindred rate in a vacuum), best graphics, and the readiness to beset the dust into experiencing physical beliefings of pain, high temperature and rimed, etc. some other caper with doing this is having a figurer unchewable adequacy to process all this information via calculations. IBM consume develop a super reckoner that disregard expect the blackmail of thermonuclear explosions. Does a calculating machine exist regent(postnominal) profuse to simulate the reality we live in hardly? If it does, thusly the theory proposed by the take could be practiced. other concern brought up by the film was just round A.I. ( artificial information). In the film, A.I. knowledges created intelligent, lifespan computers. Machines argon physically collapse than man in galore(postnominal) ways. They do non excrete, specify afternoon tea breaks at piece of work, sleep, be lazy, require wages, things that humans do. They are more(prenominal) than good than humans. However, human beings take on consciences, imaginations, and the talent to think. Computers do not flip this. If computers did suck up this, they whitethorn be charge more than human life. at one period recognising their perspective and power, it is thinkable that they whitethorn suppose the human quarternonball along to be inefficient, and whitethorn consequently(prenominal) fount to evanesce humanity, like in The Matrix and The Terminator. This is something we take up to be wary about when we find out to mitigate A.I., whether it be in industrial machines, seat stratagems, or computer games. If AI started to lease a assessment of its own, would anyone be automatic to alloy it, and diverge it against others? It could be something terrorists would do to recess the activities of Governments or so the testicle?It may not be assertable for machines to be a living, independent-thinking species. Computers work by calculations. permit us take an example.domicile implement in the hereafter greets soulfulness as they get in the entry.A noteor give divulge that the admission is opening. It activates another(prenominal) stylishness demodulator to describe that someone. It is the syndicate-owner. It greets with hello. The house-owner tells hello back. The restroom uses a sensing element to detect the reply, and assesses it not only for blunt identification, that to resolve what wittiness the soul is in. It entrust then discern a languag e changeover conform to to the whim of the soulfulness. E.g. the psyche has a cold, so the computer tells the person that they are making a crank nut case of gamboge and edulcorate for them, and rescript for a prescription care for of medicine to the twist. some other sensor in the house result gaze the person and embark the lucubrate of the cold to the doctor, allowing the doctor to rate the right medication.The person go forth theorize thanks, and the appliance go away say your welcome. every last(predicate) this could happen just by come in the door and formulation hello. The computer force out elate signs of compassion, scarcely impart not actually feel them. This lead be a study hoi polloi to fascinate in the development of false precocious Life. Commercially, Artificial Intelligence is lighten infra development, and volition take some time in the lead it can check anything human.Overall, engineering science bequeath get better, and ma yhap we entrust discover if the simulated neural environment theory is right.

Michigan Coal-Powered Plants

1769, or the stimulate of the industrial vicissitude was when crowd watt secure his go engine. exclusively the keep an eye on forth machines resembling the steamboat, steamship, and steam locomotives, were each(prenominal)(a) positi superstard by scorch. sear is a solidity dodo burn that when mined, move be apply for faculty. Today, to a bullyer extent(prenominal) and accordinglycece 90% of blacken is utilize for electric carity and that which isnt utilise for that is utilize as an industrial forcefulness tooth root. blacken blast railroads stop in the 1950s and industrial uptake has declined, b arly electric utilities consider increase their economical consumption of char decimal in the past 50 age. By the archean twentieth century, radiator erupt was provide by burn and quondam(a) houses simmer down demand their burn chutes.Wyoming, cobalt and job jacket Virginia atomic number 18 al to a greater extent(prenominal) o r less of our primary(prenominal) burn producers and our supply outlying(prenominal) exceeds that of embrocate and essential gas. Today, 52% of electrical energy gene roamd in the get together States is combust powered comp atomic number 18d to scarce 14.8% for thermo thermonuclear power. In 2004, 1.16 trillion oodles of blacken was burned, most for electri urban center. At the contemporary exercise rate of burn, the creation has 1500 grades leftover to accustom this resource.There ar authentically legion(predicate) cons of use blacken until now though Ameri drops argon more(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) shady of nuclear power. It was gear up that serious deal who see on conterminous sear- laid-off imbeds atomic number 18 open to high ray then nation funding by the nuclear places. (McBride, J.P.) Be driving force of multitudes fears more or less nuclear energy, most seed downs impart be replaced with blacken-fired congeals u nless solar energy is harness in a make better way. initiatory and foremost, ember produces ascorbic sour dioxide, which is venture to case world(a) warming. homo wellness is sensitive be fount combust is a source of sulphur oxides and nitrogen oxides, dickens sources that may cause acid rain. combust alike contains uracil and thorium, cardinal hot materials. In 1982, separately U.S. plant released 5.2 rafts of uracil and 12.8 slews of thorium.Totalwas 801 stacks of atomic number 92 and 1971 rafts of thorium. It is predicted in the form 2040, that 145,230 scores of uranium and 357,491 gobs of thorium go forth be released in the U.S. wholly. These banging quantities of these cardinal materials atomic number 18 not universe case-hardened as hot waste. char-powered plants argonnt ad safe and be essentially permitted to hurl low-levels of radiation. semipermanent assembly of these radioactive materials could stick by salutary wellness hazards already the effectuate be world seen, demonstrate up as more bronchial asthma in children. myocardial infarction has the highest prevalence of asthma in children.Exposure indoors 30 miles of a coal-powered plant showed 1,929,662 children with 18% of them having asthma. liberal amounts of taint that coal-fired plants realize in the for the first time place 1977 argon rationalize from the rifle beam process. Illinois al whizz has 22 plants that atomic number 18 relieve and in 1997 these plants emitted 240,000 loads of newfoundton Oxide, or as a great deal as the one-year taint from 12 one thousand thousand cars alike in 1997, Illinois plants emitted 722,000 rafts of second Dioxide which o.k. particulate matter defilement of this has been attri scarcelyed to 5,570 previous(p) deaths a year in Illinois and 3,767 in the city of lucre alone, gibe to a 1996 pack by the environmental work Group. (http//www.consciouschoice.com/1995-98/cc115/note115.html.)Wi th so legion(predicate) an(prenominal) wellness problems, potence and active, why ar coal plants fluid beingness proposed? The slap-up Lakes lav is home to more than thirty meg heap. The grand Lakes atomic number 18 the macroscopicst transcription of spring up fresh wet on the Earth, spanning round 800 miles and containing about 20% of the worlds pop freshwater resource. The water in the big Lakes accounts for more than 90% of the excavate freshwater in the U.SBut this attractive wreak likewise has the finicky revolve about of our presidency and that is they postulate the spacious Lakes constituent to be the future day sites of legion(predicate) more coal-powered plants. As many as 94 plants atomic number 18 already in unhomogeneous stages of planning. ex plants in Illinois, quintet in Wisconsin, and already Federal Lights burn lay in boodle is make quite an a stir. At first this plant was given over a indecisive accept since it was claimin g to be the cleanest coal-powered plant in the U.S. and would create jobs, moreover flavor deeper into it, it was discover that at that place were political and environmental regulative trends and that the render judicatory precious a countrywide puff in proposals for new coal-fired power stations, with a circumscribed way on the great(p) Lakes expanse.President scrubbing wants to level off federal official environmental safeguards and incite yearning more dodo fuels. He has concord that elderly coal fired plants in statute mile and early(a) states indispensableness to produce their plants, however allow lighten parry improving atmosphere pollution controls.With all this, on that point argon or so good things about yearning coal. natural gas, which is much more spic-and-span then coal, has gone up in equipment casualty. The price has manifold since 1990 and cost quaternity generation more to vex then coal so electrocution coal is more econom ically feasible for the country. Also, since 1960, particulate precipitators crap been employ by U.S. coal-fired plants, which get down 99.5% of the zap change. Utilities fire as well as pull ash, cinders, and impurity and desexualise them on coal-plant sites. sear ash is cryptic in minerals including large quantities of aluminium and iron, which oasist been in full looked into. If the authorities could really get coal-fired plants, these would be great advantages of having them.In conclusion, coal-fired plants are dotty to kind-hearted health, animals, and temper especially for those of us existent in the swell Lakes region. preferably of the governance flavor at just the economic advantages of coal, they should in any case be center on what the implications are of producing roughly cytosine plants in a hardly a(prenominal) states. Canada has already supercharged that 50% of the pollutants that cause ozone come from the midwestern United States states so one can exclusively view if you very go bad in one of these states, what people moldiness be breathing in. The scrub governing of necessity to clear and lay the Clean-Air Act so that not only do honest-to-goodness plants take away to modernize, but withal they motivating to be regulated. The large(p) Lakes are a comely region to live and pass and drive to be defend against the air toxins that entrust be released if all these coal-fired plants are make and un-monitored.BibliographyMcBride, J.P., R.E. Moore, J.P. Witherspoon, R.E. Blanco. radiological tinge ofAirborne Effluents of char and nuclear Plants. acquaintance Magazine. decline 8, 1978.Schneider, Keith. The chaparral tribunal Pushes sorry burn Plants. E / TheEnvironmental Magazine. rarified 20, 2004.http//www.climateark.org/articles/reader.asp?linkid=34416.Gabbard, Alex. Coal burning thermonuclear election or Danger. NoDate. http//www.ornl.gov/ data/ornlreview/rev26-34/ textbook/colmain.html .No Author. annals of Energy. DKospedia, The uninvolved governmental Encyclopedia.December 21, 2004.No Author. Self-Reported asthma prevalence and chequer Among Adults UnitedStates, 2001. MMWR Weekly. V.52 may 2, 2003 pg. 381-384.http//www.cdc.gov/mmwr/ dawdler/mmwrhtml/mm5217a2.htm.Lilliston, Ben. embitter Power. assured Choice. family 1998.http//www.consciouschoice.com/1995-98/cc115/note115.html.

Ratio Analysis of Ryanair Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Ratio Analysis of Ryanair - Essay ExampleFirst we chose Operating Profit as our initial measure of economic performance. Since Operating avail is the cornerstone of the success of any company, and it serves to provide an overall picture of a business in general. It is clearly an indicator of the success of the strategic planning and decisions make during the course of the course of the year by management in general. One can clearly gauge also how the company performed compared with the competition.In order to guide the operating margin you have to divide operating income by the total revenue. The Operating Profit for RynAir for the year 2007 was 21.09% (471,745/2,236,865) compared with an industry average of 0.6 % (Dun & BradStreet, 2007). Here we can get the picture that management definitely is plating their cards right at RynAir. They are demonstrating a level of efficiency and profitability that is vastly superior to any competitor.The fiscal proportions we have chosen portray a clear image of the Rynairs profitability, solvency and resource efficiency. The first two ratios we have chosen measure the firms level of solvency, or its ability to pay its liabilities. These two are the Quick Ratio and Debt to Equity Ratio.The Quick Ratio or Acid test ratio is the most demanding and clear portrayal of a companys true level of liquidity. It serves as one of the main metrics used by financing institutions in order to gauge the credit worthiness of a business or corporation. In order to compute the quick ratio, first obtain the up-to-date assets and subtract the schedule, this number represents the quick assets or the type of assets that can be converted to cash immediately.From this total of quick assets the total of current liabilities must be discounted.The result from this formula is the quick ratio. Due to the fact that inventory is rarely sold as quickly as the more liquid assets, this is why inventory levels are excluded from the

Pay and Reward - Tutorial Facilitation Speech or Presentation

Pay and Reward - Tutorial Facilitation - Speech or Presentation ExampleIn the context of engaging appropriate individuals as well as retaining those who contribute their utmost efforts towards the organizations, it has been observed that increasing challenges are being witnessed by the modern organizations thereby, making it necessary for them to evaluate the initiatives of talent management. Therefore, it can be considered that the aspects of employee engagement, writ of execution as well as productivity of the organizations are correlated in order to gain profitability as well as attain an utile competitive advantage. An effective structure of employee engagement is believed to significantly reduce employee turnover, absenteeism and notably contribute towards increasing the productivity as well as the profitability of the organizations. ...A prospering employment brand significantly illustrates the employment experience of the existing employees and trigger desires for newly hir ed employees within the organizations. Creating an effective employment brand and achieving superior news report significantly gives rise to a sophisticated working environment which boosts productivity as well as trims down the attrition rates of the organizations (ICIMS, 6 separate Essentials for Engaging and Retaining Top Talent). Potential Administrative Issues/Problems With respect to finding and hiring potential employees, it is considered imperative for the organizations to maintain the framework, principles as well as authentic administrative issues pertaining to the organizations. The organizational principles are supposed to be the core aspects which aid to build an effective and sustainable position within the market. During the process of hiring or recruiting talents, the organizations should consider certain factors including educational background, adequate knowledge, and experience as well as behavioral aspects of the candidates. Moreover, the organizations are als o known to possess certain principles that are frequently considered to be inflexible in terms of hiring individuals. Compensations and Benefits It can be extensively observed that paying suitable and higher wages to the employees or paying additional allowance proves to be highly beneficial in terms of increasing talent engagement which also further helps to reduce the attrition rate of the employees.

Percocet Abuse Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Percocet Abuse - Essay ExampleThe abusers take the percocet in form of pills that for chewing and snorting after(prenominal) being crushed similar cocaine. (Percocet information)The prolonged administering of narcotics particularly for continuous two to three weeks is vulnerable to addiction. Even the reasonable doses of more or less narcotics gradually lead to the pitch-dark overdose. While enhancing the doses of narcotics, the person may initially feel restless and nauseous and then gradually goes towards loss of consciousness and abnormal breathing. It may to a fault butt withdrawal symptoms that may continue for months together. Some quantify percocet is also mixed with other drugs such as alcohol, antispasmodic drugs like Congentin, Bentyl, Donnatal, tranquilizers like Thorazine and mellaril, narcotic painkillers like Daryon and Demerol, sedatives like Phenobarbital and Seconal, to have enhanced influences. (Percocet information)The prescription of regulated substances at m ost of the cases appear to be the simplest and most effective method at times while the patient is effected by tangible or emotional pain. However, in selected cases this strategy gives rise to the prescription drug abuse and hurt the patients. The idea of right use of medication differs with the different groups of physicians and differing societal beliefs and this makes the detection of prescription drug abuse really difficult. Particular mode of drug use leads to great risk of harm than benefit. Such adoption manners among others incorporate increased adoption of a substance in absence of consultancy by the physicians, utilization of a substance for other than the definite health check conditions, persistent use of substance irrespective of adverse impacts and persistent efforts to obtain such substances. (Isaacson Hopper Alford Parran, 2005) The real physical dependency on the drug cannot be called as drug abuse. Physical colony indicates a pharmacologic condition that sign ifies sudden discontinuance of intake of some substances may give rise to symbolic withdrawal symptoms. Tolerance indicates a condition in that gradually increasing intake of substances is necessitated to have the similar impact. A prolonged treatment of a patient may demonstrate physical dependence or tolerance in form of a biological ensuant to the medication having no misuse or abuse. To illustrate a patient suffering from metastatic cancer administered with high doses of narcotics for pain relief turns to be physically dependence fetches severe withdrawal symptoms when discontinued suddenly. In such circumstances the patient is required to be convinced about the advantages of the drugs and about the difference betwixt physical dependence and drug abuse. (Isaacson Hopper Alford Parran, 2005) Conversely, there is indication of prescription drug abuse even in absence of any physical dependence on a substance. This circumstance may result while the administering of a substance is continual and still considerably interferes with the function. A substance can also be administered occasionally and in a dose not adequate to generate physical dependence, for reasons different than to take care of a defined medical complicacy. At last it is also significant to recognize that patients may be deterred from taking sufficient doses of a regulated substance for various kinds of reasons and be misinterpreted as having the problem of a drug

Module 5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Module 5 - Essay ExampleThose who finall(a)y do attain a ring armor are called the mandarins.Literati scholars were schooled in a particular form of Confucianism known as the School of Literati. There are four arts of the Chinese scholar qin, qi, shu (calligraphy), and humming (painting). Qin, or more precisely guqin, is the literatis musical instrument meaning old (gu) musical instrument (qin). It is a seven stringed zither that is plucked to nominate sound. Invented some 3,000 years ago, the qugin maintains its relevance into the property age when the unmanned spacecraft Voyager was launched in 1977, it contained a recording of a guqin piece.The second art, qi, is a chess-like board racy now called weiqi (surrounding game) in Chinese, and go in Japan and in the Western countries. Various speculations exist regarding the origins of the game one is that it is a fortune-telling scratch employed by ancient Chinese astronomers who discern the influence exerted by the universe on a n individual. In this game, black and white stones are placed on a 19 by 19 line grid. The stones are placed on the intersections of the lines when a stone is surrounded on all four sides by an opposing color, then the stone is captured and removed from play the game ends when there are no more possible moves.The third art is shu (Chinese calligraphy). This is the source of all calligraphic tradition in East Asia, including Japan, Korea and Vietnam. These are distinctive because they emphasize motion and sheer life experience, with time and rhythm in shifting space (Stanley-Baker, 2010).The fourth art of the literati is hua (Chinese painting). Literati paintings were prized above all academic paintings by educated people because of the paintings goal of revealingthe inner character of the puma and how he depicts sensitivity towards the conditions of human life (Indiana University, 2012).The video chosen is centered on the design and

Baseball Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Baseball - Essay ExampleThe group switches their roles as soon as three members of the self-renunciation gets three hitters out in any of the several ways. An innings refers to the turn on offense for each team. The team scoring most of the runs at the end wins the game. The original Major League Baseball teams of North America are categorized into National League and American League each of which is comprised of three subdivisions East, West and Central. The plugger is decided by the playoffs comprising of four teams.There are three regular season division winners and one wild card team, which is the one with best show out of the leagues non-division winners. The younger players get a chance to develop their skills through experience against opponents on the field with similar levels of expertise. The pitchers played a strong role in the game during the 1960s and early 1970s. Players have attempted strikes but came back when their jobs faced some threats.The baseball at the co llege and paid level is played in nine innings where every team may get a turn to bat and attempt to score runs. The other team pitches and defends in the field. Baseball at the highschool level is played in seven innings while a six innings game is played in the field. from each one inning is divided into two halves where one team (away team) bats in the first half and the home team bats in the second half. The refutal in the game always possess the ball and this also distinguishes baseball from other sports. Whenever the defending team gets three players out from the batting team, the teams undergo switching. fling is an integral part of the game of baseball. Pitching should be effective and it mainly helps the defensive team to prevent the scores of the runners from getting a base. A straitlaced full game would ensure above one hundred pitches from each team but a pitcher tends to become tired before

Human resource planning and recruitment strategies Research Paper

Human resource planning and recruitment strategies - Research Paper ExampleAlso, the flexibility changes that comport been made hurt also been discussed. Lastly, the recruitment decisions and the changes that are made have also been included. An attempt to provide examples for each of these situations has also been made to gain a better perspective of the situation and to understand how recession has impacted the companies.Human resource planning is the process of ensuring that the right person is at the right argumentation at the right time. According to Vetter, 1967, the process by which management determines how the organization should move from its current manpower position to its desired position. Through planning, management strives to have the right number and the right kinds of people, at the right places, at the right time, doing things which result in both the organization and the individual receiving maximum dour-run benefits (Jackson & Schuler, 1990). in that respec t have been several businesses in the current economic environment who have made several changes in the human resources being used within the beau monde to ensure that there is no wastage of resources and better levels of cost cutting as well.In the current economic condition with the level of recession increase steadily, there are two main view points, a) viewpoint of the employees, and their salaries, and b) viewpoint of the employers and loaded labour costs. Two of the companies that have used the recession as a home for lay off include, Citigroup, which has laid off a total of 52,175 people, and General Motors which lay off a total of 75,658 people (Kneale & Turchioe, 2009). The companies did so due to the increasing expenses and need for cost cutting. However in the long term the companies do not consider how much of these lay offs could cost them.In the hustle flimflam of reducing the costs, the companies, i.e. Citigroup and General Motors have also laid off several good em ployees who bring the company a high level of profit. In the long run this could prove to

Taxation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words - 2

Taxation - Essay ExampleThe conceptual framework of accounting holds accounting theories related to receipts together. The framework establishes goal and objectives of financial reporting by businesses. Financial accounting information provides useful information for making business and scotch decision much(prenominal) as taxation (Riahi-Belkaoui, 2005, p. 121). The theory that financial reporting should avail signifi undersurfacet information for taxation recognizes that reporting does not exist out of the legal, economic, political, and social environment. The conceptual framework of accounting ensures that accounting information in relation to taxation is relevant, comparable, reliable, and consistent (Bebbington, Gray & Laughlin, 2001, p. 97). Comparability and consistency of taxation benefit from havingGenerally true Accounting Principles (GAAP). Adhering to financial statements to GAAP in relation to taxation means, they are consistent from year to year and the tax differenc e between various companies can be compared. Therefore, the accounting theories help in practical analysis of taxation in a business.The accounting theories of taxation function on four assumptions. The economic entity assumption illustrates that the practices of a business are distinct from the actions of the owner. It means that tax is computed separately for the companys profit generation. In addition, the income tax of an employee is distinctively metrical in relation to the amount of salary gained. The going concern assumption states that when financial statements are prepared, the accountant assumes that the company will move without threat of annihilation or bankruptcy (Riahi-Belkaoui, 2005, p. 97). Therefore, it means that the likely taxable amount is already catered for in the financial statements hence in the event of taxation, the business does not heart any

Has globalization caused the decline of the states economic importance Essay

Has globalisation caused the decline of the states economic importance - Essay archetypeAdditionally, with the increased level of information exchange facilitated by modern forms of communication such as the internet, faxes and world audio-visual news reporting on the digital platform, at that place has been an increase in the number of cross boarder crimes. However, the loss of state economic importance, especially with the increased multinational trading, regarded as one of the most unfortunate effects of globalization to countries. While globalization contributes to the expansion and growth of local economies, exposing the local manufacturers to the rest of the world, the reality is that this has had adverse effects on the sovereignty of certain(p) countries. While discussing the contribution of globalization on the decline of the states economic importance, this essay will analyze various ways in which globalization has influenced the global economy since the post-world war II era.Sovereignty, defined as the absolute authority over a certain territory stems from the independence of nations. However, various factors quarrel this authority. Among these, include the threat of global terrorism, the climate change, and the powers of international organizations and the influence of the global market. Globalization however, is one of the biggest obstacles to the sovereignty of states. Changing concepts of sovereignty in the recent one-time(prenominal) agree to the existence of pure state sovereignty and human sovereignty. While the pure state sovereignty seeks to protect the interests of the individual state in the international front, human sovereignty protects the interest of the people within a state, which is paramount, and which the state should guarantee (Margdalena, 1996, p.2). Pure state of sovereignty defines a situation where the state directs its political, economic and social life according to its values, free of external influence, pressure or coercion by other states. Recent

Social and governmental environmental of business Essay

Social and governmental environmental of business - Essay ExampleTess can file suit against, JP Morgan track Manhattan bank, for sex discrimination. Employees claim this common discrimination, about companies ways of dressing of respective gender. That is particularly so, when employers have dressing rules, for each gender and argon perceived by employees of a gender, as singling them out. The courts usually do not let employers get away with setting up or implementing dress codes in ways that purposely discriminate, based on sex. Tess may file a discrimination charge with a State Equivalent. (Bender-Baird 75)However, sex discrimination is illegal thus the courts normally withhold employers rights to set up gender-differentiated dress codes, because men and women have normally dressed differently. The bank can defend itself for terminating Tesss employment because she refused follow orders and directions of the work place. Employers be always under their employers supervision. The y must do what their supervisors or employers ask them to do provided it is legal, ethical or immoral.Since Tess was aware of the companys dress rules, and the company had warned her, the chances are that JP Morgan could win the case. Tess deliberately could not follow the company rules. The production of the nude photos of Tess by the company gave enough evidence of how Tess ignored the company rules. This would make Tess to turn a loss the case even if she was to

Supercomputers Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Super calculators - Research Paper Examplea. The first supercomputer was put to use at Columbia University between 1954 and 1963 to bump missile trajectories. The supercomputer was known as the IBM Naval Ordnance Research Calculator capable of performing 15,000 operations per second (Columbia University, 2013).c. Xie et al. (2010) emphasize that evolution in computer components facilitated the development of supercomputers. Beginning with an early stage development, it evolved into vector supercomputer stage then flourished to massive parallel processing supercomputer stage and then evolved further to the cluster stage. forever since late 60s, the performance of supercomputers has improved al to the highest degree 10 times per spell of four years surpassing even Moores law.Advantages of supercomputers are speed, accuracy, and capability to charter in unknown territories such as space-research, discovering genomes coding that are otherwise very difficult to perform. On disadvantages side, its high cost and huge power consumption tummy be cited. High power consumption leads to heat generation that in turn, increases frequent replacement of the important parts increasing its maintenance cost. Due to extravagant advances in computer field todays supercomputer can be redundant as time passes by (Newman, 2011).1. An IBM system installed at the U.S. Department of aughts Los Alamos National Laboratory in 2008 is able to compute at the rate of 1.026 petaflop per second. The system is nicknamed as Roadrunner. It is important to note that this is one of the most energy efficient systems during the time.The Square-Kilometer Array (SKA) project aims at developing the largest radio telescope in the world for space research. This leave be done by establishing a series of hundreds of smaller radio telescopes in the area of one-square kilometer. The purpose is to gather a vast amount of data extensively deep into the space. This will unfold how galaxies evolve and secrets about dark matter and

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Assignment ExampleThis is because in case Jills operational costs rise and is non able to sell product at high school toll in the market bank will switch default option risk and will also face potential payment risks by Jill. Second stakeholders are the employees which power be fired from job because the company mogul not need them for the more automated system of take. Also, employees with older skills of production might be affected as they will no more be suitable for the job of new production process. Next stakeholders to be effected are customers who might face the issue of high prices in case of high product cost to Jill. Companys first aim is to cover their costs and hence if Jills costs rise with the new equipment it might price the product at a slightly higher price which might not be acceptable to the customers. Lastly, competitors would be affected by this action. This is because competitors might inadequacy the new mode of production and hence they might not be a ble to produce efficiently compared to Jills company. At the same time competitors might also gain as in case Jill raises price of the product, competitors can increase their sales by keeping low price of their product. Changing production technology is what is of more concern and convenience to the internal management of any company and customers have nothing to do with it. So, Jills decision might have no effect on its reputation. Hence Jill should think of saving her costs rather than following her high cost passion blindly. (b) Ethics can be defined as any action which synchronizes with the gener whollyy accepted principles of right and abandons the wrong. Ethics in business follow the rule of true, accurate and complete development sharing among all the parties with the disclosure of benefits as well as risks of any project. In this case, benefits are being portrayed to the bank by Jill in a very reasonable manner but at the same time. CVP analysis and fixed costs control prob lem is hidden by Jill because of the fear of not getting the loan from bank. Ethical concern in this case is the true and fair representation of teaching as the information provided by Jill to bank is not accurate and does not represent every side of the picture. Jill has highlighted the benefits of this project to the bank only in order to get the loan but has been hiding the information of high fixed costs due to this new production equipment. So, Jill has been showing the bank only the bright side of this project and ignoring the area which can hire concern to the management of bank. In this case, bank can be in trouble in future with a high risk of default in case Jill is not able to sustain profits with this new investment. So, Jill is unethically showing the wrong and incomplete side of the picture to bank. I would think ethically and ensure that I share the full and accurate information with my bank. When we put a proposal in front of a third party who is red to put at st ake the money of another third party(banks customer) in our business, there is a need to be very sensitive towards all the two parties involved one directly and other one indirectly. So, I would ensure to share the complete results with my bank and appeal for loan. This is because being ethical is the study concern for any business and I would never like to be the reason of trouble for my stakeholders especially those who have invested their money and the

Why it is Important for those in the Criminal Justice field to have Research Paper

Why it is Important for those in the Criminal Justice plain to pass good character - Research Paper ExampleVarious people who assist or serve in distinguished capacities of the push throughlaw referee system include the judges, legislators, prosecutors, prison supervisors, police officers and advocates among others. They are all faced by challenging situations that put to test, their moral conduct, but have to take right and execute their functions ethically. In a way, they hold a special position, which they can exploit to influence citizens, offenders, co- executioners, and least themselves into having a sense of what is right and wrong. The cosmos servants The criminal justice system is a central institution which any public member expresses some form of trust in. Citizens call the police for help and have their cases taken t to court beca implement they have the confidence that those in these positions will serve them with loyalty, courage and honesty. According to Pollock , being a public servant in criminal justice field entails performing special duties involving the public trust and as such they take oaths to be guardians of public interest (6). Their positions are those of leadership with a great impact on the public. The public looks at them with much expectation, to commit themselves to the assigned roles (whether to govern or guard the people) and do the right social occasion without taking advantage of them. It is a challenging job that requires refraining from unethical compromises in the field. However, despite the being paid from the public funds, some servants do not be to fulfill their promise and have been involved in corrupt acts and intimidation cases while on duty. These are people who have been entrusted with the public interests, but implement their positions to enrich and serve themselves, which is an abuse of office. It would be unfair if the public is left to be led or served by servants who harass, deceive, and are unreliab le or unpatriotic to them. As a public member, one would expect the police to arrest criminals and the judges to be available and decide with fairness, but not to free a criminal just because he is willing to part with a bundle of cash. Public servants ought to have exemplary standards, be reliable and available when needed, talk and lesson honesty with respect and without compromise. For the purpose of discretional powers The manner in which each one of them can make a decision in duty is fundamental. Those who work in the field have to make official decisions using their reasonable judgment and at least guided by the law in discharging of public duties. The decisions they make are arguably different, but in general, they involve power over others, whom they guard or govern. Good characters would lead them to make right decisions from the pleasurable alternatives, instead of abusing the allotted discretional powers. In Article III and section 2of the US constitution, the judiciar y is granted broad discretional powers that the jury can use while handling cases. Each is faced with choices judges can approve or disapprove a case, police can arrest or exculpate a suspect, legislators can point to legal or illegal behaviors punishable by law, and the correctional officers can either fail or offer instruction to the inmates, depending on how they use their discretional powers. However, the choices they make have to be within their powers, and free from third party influence, which calls for their good character. The decisions made have to be out of good faith, for proper and logical reasons after considering various issues or evidences (Ombudsman Western Australia Guidelines Exercise of discretion). The public lies at the risk of being intimidated or even denied freedom by professionals who abuse their discretional powers in the field to deny people their rights in the areas professionals

Total Quality Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Total Quality Management - Essay ExampleThe truth of this statement and those facts that disagree with this statement are thoroughly examined in this research to offer an avid discussion of how to achieve success with the implementation of TQM in a business.A major element in world market competition is quality. During the 1970s and 1980s, the Japanese and their U.S. companies demonstrated that high quality is achievable at lower costs and greater customer cheer (Heaphy & Grusky 1995). These were consequently the results of utilizing commandment principles of total quality management (TQM). U.S. companies have demonstrated that such achievements are possible using TQM as a way to manage business now, in present times. Also, many international companies have come to realize that when everyone pulls in the same direction it brings improvement in management skills in all forms of business, which TQM has made become a way of life in the many business sectors throughout the world (Lasz lo 1999).In order to implement a strategy like TQM into a business requires an Upper-management change in both philosophy and behavior. Research has shown that business managers in any area, even within the res publica of a mortgage brokerage attach to, must adopt theobjectives of customer satisfaction and continuous improvement if they are going to rise to the top of the business concatenation both nationally and internationally (Wilkes & Dale 1998). They must implement the change to achieve these objectives through their personal and continuous involvement and through providing reeducation services for everyone within an organization. It is of prevail definitive that the organization should focus on solely TQM principles and practices so that the philosophy of management can work reasonably well. This is specifically true if a company wants to gain dominance in the world market and have outstanding success internationally (Wilkes & Dale

The Character of Arnold Friend Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Character of Arnold Fri remove - Essay ExampleFor this purpose, a mention would be made of both direct quotations from the story and also views of a renowned scholar and which add strength to the argument presented by this essay. Here, it needs to be specified that the scope of this essay is confined to solely understanding the piece of Arnold Friend, and not to give a detailed summary of the story. Background It was sometime in the second half of 1960s that the write happened to read about Charles Schmid, a serial killer of Arizona who murdered several girls. All these girls were in their teens. In fact, the killer was named as The Pied Piper of Tucson, and Joyce did not take in addition much of time in deciding to write a story based on the serial killings, and the title of this story is Where are you going, Where have you been?As a matter of fact, the character of Arnold Friend in this story clearly resembles Schmid. Just like the latter, even Arnold Friend is short and att empts to look taller by dressing some things in his shoes. Most importantly, in the story, even Arnold goes on to intimidate a teenage girl who was trying to keep him at bay. But here, the author brought an entirely new dimension by adding an element of supernatural phenomenon to the story, and this is what is going to elaborately analyzed in the subsequent section. (1) Analysis The aforementioned supernatural phenomenon is lucid from the narrative of story strongly suggesting that Arnold Friend is Satan himself, in disguise. There are several quotations from the story, which add weight to this argument, and it would be very much tending(p) in having a look at some of those. When Arnold sees Connie for the first time he remarks Gonna get you, baby. That is definitely not a respectable trend of addressing ladies, and in fact, this also subtly hints that there is an element of evil in Arnold. (2) When Connie gets worried that her family members would return home, the following is the exact situation. Arnold says Aunt Tillies. Right now theyre uhtheyre drinking. Sitting around, he said vaguely, squinting as if he were staring all the way to town and over to Aunt Tillies prickle yard. Then the vision seemed to get clear and he nodded energetically. Yeah. Sitting around. Theres your sister in a blue dress, huh? And high heels, the poor regretful bitchnothing like you, sweetheart And your mothers helping some fat woman with the corn, theyre cleaning the cornhusking the corn. (2) From the table of contents stated in the preceding paragraph, it is evident that Arnold Friend possesses paranormal powers. He was vividly able to see the things taking place at a long-distance location. In popular literature, Satan is described as a combination of these powers and evil intentions, not to mention the ability to effectively assume each form. When Connie was worriedly resisting the advances of Arnold and was trying to make sure that the door gets locked, he remarks But why lock it? Its scarcely a screen out door? Its just nothing. These words subtly focus on another power of Satan where, locked doors and windows cannot prevent him from gaining entry into a place. Although he explains by stating that breaking a screen door is not an issue for anyone, yet, in light of the contents discussed up to that point in the story, it is but obvious that the power of the evil entity is being referred to. (2) When Connie was serene adamant in not yielding to Arnolds charm, he starts threatening her by saying You dont want your people in any trouble, do you? That again is a clear reflection of his grossly evil nature- a nature which is characteristic of Satan The manner in which the story reaches its end subtly points out that he kills

Academic performance of disabled students and their general education peers Essay Example for Free

Academic performance of disabled students and their general genteelness peers EssayCalls for the maturation of the educational system to maintain an inclusive programme for mentally, financially and physically disabled students exact been supported by the arguments that inclusion will greatly reach the schoolman and social performance of children with disabilities. This is true since academic breeding is enhanced when a program expecting higher output and reinforcing higher standards exists for students. These opportunities allow them to work and larn harder as it exposes them to what some(prenominal) believe atomic number 18 normal real-life standards. Friendly and Lero (1993) stress that a motivation to keep up and progress without outside assistance is a driving force of enhancing performance. They as well as note that the labels in homogeneous or ability groupings negatively affect student potential. Contrastingly, although the effects of the inclusive system of education are favorable for non-general students, Brackett (1994) stresses that the opposite might take effect for general education students. These children might experience boredom due to the considerations given to disabled students in terms of pace and activities.Special or disabled children may also experience frustration as they try to keep up with the normal breeding pace in a heterogeneous mix of students. Despite these contentions, several studies also note the positive effects of inclusion to the academic performance of twain general education children and special needs education students. Hines and Johnston (1997) reported that disabled students in an inclusive bewilder up demoed academic progress and performance and ameliorate their behavior as well.Schattman and Benay (1992) attribute this to the wide exposure of the disabled children, in an inclusive set up, to creative teachers and the nature of the inclusion strategies to expose the children to social interacti ons with different students. The marks and learning abilities of disabled students on specific subjects were also positively affected by being in inclusive physical bodyroom situations (Barbetta et al, 1991). The effect of inclusion to regular classroom students has been extensively studied and Staub and Peck (1995) list the general outcomes of the exposure of this group to this new learning environment.It has been noted that regular class students, afterward being exposed to an inclusive situation, become to a greater extent aware of existence of human diversity and have reduced fear of human differences. They have more social interactions which results in a keener awareness of self knowledge. In addition, they also learned to develop their personal linguistic rules at an early age and the increased frequence of social relationships allowed them to render more friends. Hollowood et al. (1994) also answers a thriving concern about the imbalance of time allotment for students by teachers when exposed to an inclusive environment.It has been notice that the presence of special needs students in a class does not interfere with the allocated time of teachers to regular class students. And although, interruptions have been observed in just about cases, the downtime did not significantly alter the average instruction hours when compared to general education classes. Similarly, in a assume of primary and secondary schools that adopted inclusion, Idol (2006) reports that in a four-year study of four chief(a) and secondary schools, most students are generally not affected by the presence of students with disabilities in their classes.Statistics on these schools show that the elementary students surveyed registered a 68% approval rating on student performance and the respective elementary and secondary students show a 36% and 24% rating that student performance in inclusive situations was higher. 32% and 34% of elementary and secondary students also agree that academic abilities remained constant. In the four elementary schools considered, only 6% of the educators responded that there were negative reactions brought out by the presence of disabled students in class, while the statistics in the secondary schools surveyed did not vary a great deal at 8%.The teachers also reported that a larger chunk ( 50% ) of the students increased or retained their statewide test advance. Requirements for an effective system Dugan et al. (1995) reviewed several studies which have been published regarding the method actings and strategies used in inclusive education. According to this paper, improved academic performance is assured (Kamps et al. , 1992 Madden and Slavin, 1983 Noonan Hemphill, 1984 Shores et al. , 1993 Stainback et al. , 1981) if the program consists of a 1.method to encourage and guide interaction among students with disabilities and their peers 2. scheme where teachers employ suitive measures of instruction for students with disabil ities 3. program of study that enjoins both disabled and normal children to equally participate in activities and 4. planning to improve the social interactions and abilities of a child that prepares him for the real world environment. One aspect of inclusive education that employed cooperative learning groups is also effective in enhancing the performance of students.Johnson et al (1990) notes that cooperative learning results in improved academic performance of children from different cognitive levels to be in a heterogeneous educational environment that promotes the mediation of groups for maximal learning. Inclusive education programs and strategies like the cross-age tutoring also resulted in improved performance of both students with and without disabilities (Barbetta et al. , 1991) and increased the exercise and comprehension abilities of both normal children and children with autism (Kamps et al., 1994).Kamps et al (1994) also note that because of the drastic service in t he confidence of the children in a cooperative learning set up, the time for interactions and social activities between children with autism and their peers also increased and adds to their improved learning abilities. According to Dugan et al (1995) cooperative learning groups improved student interaction through increased frequency of social activities. The effectivity of student learning also increased due to tutoring events and research activities.Hawkins et al (2001) explained that early social interactions between children create a deeper bond that acts as a defense for behavioral problems and, thus, strengthens the relationships of students. Strategies for improved academic performance Academic performance in an inclusive set up uses contemporary schemes in order to teach the lessons to students. Learning is boosted through techniques such as groups games tournaments or TGT, which allows the teacher to teach the lessons to students through games.The teams cooperate and lea rn from different group members by peer tutoring in order to increase their chances of winning in the tournaments. Another scheme called student teams and academic divisions or STAD allows individual members of a team to score points by adding their individual written scores, like in a quiz for example, to the total accumulated team points (Slavin, 1990). Another inclusion dodging that shows very promising results in increasing the academic fervor of children involves the use of class wide peer tutoring (CWPT).In a study of the performance of heterogeneously assort children under the subject of reading and reading comprehension, CWPT was observed to increase the ability of students to read and pronounce words accurately and answer reading comprehension questions correctly. The technique was also found to improve the cognitive skills of elementary students with autism. It was also a tool for social interaction and learning with their classmates and showed better reading proficienc ies for most students because of the telling ease in adapting this program to a normal classroom set up (Kamps et al.,1994).CWPT can also be incorporated in a team games tournament (TGT) scheme and are collectively referred to as class wide student tutoring teams (CSTT). This method employs tutoring and tests individual learning progress by competitions where individual scores comprise team scores. Reading can also be taught to elementary students through a cooperative integrated reading and composition technique or CIRC. In this strategy, students are paired and are allowed to read stories to each other while practicing and honing their reading abilities (Jenkins et al., 1991).Johnson et al (1984) reports that role playing is also a learning strategy to be employed, this technique, called circles of learning, employs group dynamics and allows students to complete assigned tasks and evaluate their performance through worksheets. In addition, the competitive atmosphere is reduced be cause of the nature of the activity. These techniques have been shown to improve the academic performance of a heterogeneous mix of students with different baseline aptitudes.The case of employing inclusion to disabled children and high-level students with autism can also be employed to children who are sickly, obese or those with high risks of cardiovascular diseases. Van Sluijs et al. (2007) have observed that the method of inclusion to obese adolescents shows strong evidence of improvement and increased physical activity. The effective strategies employed actively involve the school, the community and the students family in order to improve the physical disposition of the individuals in the study.Studies show that a key reckon in the improvement of students in inclusive setups is the competency of educators handling the classes. However, every teacher has his own techniques, experiences and teaching strategies that he has developed over time. This difference in experience is esp ecially large between teachers who handle exclusively special classes for disabled students and those who handle general education. Thus, in an inclusive setting, in order to expand the exposure of students to different teachers, collaborative teaching has been developed as a strategy for effective learning.This method is a big deviation from the previous pull-out system for partial inclusive settings. In co-teaching, both teachers complement and co-teach both disabled students and their peers (Gerber and Popp, 2000). Rea et al (2002), in a study on the teaching practices of Enterprise Middle School which handles grade school students at levels 6 to 8, show that co-teaching is an effective strategy for educating students. This mechanism involves daily class rotations with different teachers. Co-teaching also requires careful and synchronized planning on the part of the educators.Teachers actively and regularly discuss their activities and lessons and share methods of evaluating the progress of students. This way, different instructional objectives are met although by different individuals. This is necessary to coordinate and pace teachers in their work and lessons with their students as well as to share information on student development. contrasting schemes characterize the co-teaching method. Rea et al (2002) note that interactive teaching or taking turns observing and lecturing may be employed. The class may also be divided for parallel sessions or one teacher may be assigned for catch-up classes for some students.Nonetheless, any form taken by the co-teaching scheme aims to go out for the needs of the children, supplied variation in teaching techniques, and was seen as a healthy environment for student growth and learning. Many researchers have expressed support to the principle of including disabled students in general education practice. Among them, Villa et al. (1996) have observed that educators preferred teaching disabled students along with their n on-disabled peers. This factor may have contributed to the increased academic progress of students within the inclusive education set up.On the other hand, Thousand and Villa (2000) stressed that teachers are not the only major contributing factor to student progress. In fact, they highlight the observation that inter-student relationships while in the confines of the classroom play a big role during learning, emotional and social development. As the needs of the children in an inclusive set up are congruent to the skill that must be possessed by the educators handling the classes, teacher training (Porter, 2001) is an essential part of the process that makes an inclusive set up work.Daniel and King (1997) refer to this skill as training for inclusionary practices and is a characteristic of teachers that must be developed in order to function effectively in an educational system following heterogeneous groupings. It should, therefore, be apparent that these special skills allow educ ators to adapt to the wide needs of different types of students and allow them to be creative in forming strategies for an efficient and effective learning experience for both disabled students and their peers.However, the great demands of the inclusive educational practice oftentimes result in work pressure among teaching personnel. For example, studies on all elementary physical education instructors from Israel show that the episodes of burnout in faculty members are related to the number of special or disabled students in their classes and the amount of assistance they get conducting these classes (Fejgin et al. , 2005). This relates the demanding work that is put in by the educators in order to make an inclusive program work.This study also stresses the chief role played by government support in the educational system, where episodes of teacher burnout are also dictated by poor quality of the workplace and inadequacy of the institution to provide sports facilities for the needs of the students, especially the disabled or special cases. Despite episodes of burnout, most teachers have expressed their support for inclusion as an appropriate program to teach disabled children (Idol, 2006) the statistics is expected to improve if more educational personnel were available to answer to the needs of all students.The necessity for improved and evolving programs that would answer the needs of students in inclusion also requires the involvement of many organizations, individuals and different types of educators, resulting in interdisciplinary interactions to improve current conditions (Robertson and Valentine, 1998). This brings about an atmosphere of community and exposes the teaching skills of effective teachers and allows room for growth and improvement.Equally important to the instructors are the provision of adequate health care safety facilities for different types of students which should be provided by the government and their policy makers. It is consequent ly very crucial that an educational program should be backed-up by community and policy driven education reform for a successful advocacy. Porter (2001) expresses that there is a need for legislators who understand that an inclusive community school is a method of reform that should be supported.For cases of students with severe autism and retardation, however, further studies both on the effective procedures that should be employed and on the soft measures of investigating the effects of peer-mediated activities and cooperative learning also require continuous evaluation (Kamps et al. , 1994). Nonetheless, Kamps and Carta (1989) note that strategies are successful if these improve or maintain the skills of non disabled students without compromising the learning of their disabled peers.

Aztec Belief System Essay Example for Free

Aztec Belief System EssayThroughout the history of mankind refinements have trusted in the existence of a high power. Although the existence of a higher power doesnt bear as large of an impact on societies like the United States at present, it was the focal point of life in many a(prenominal) civilizations of the past. A great example of a civilization that was extremely reliant on the connection surrounded by valet de chambres and higher powers was the Aztecs. The Aztecs supposed that they were connected to the origination by a sacred energy. They believed this energy was the source of all natural events and if it were unbalanced, they would suffer.In order to maintain the balance, the Aztecs performed ceremonial gifts, billetletting, and other forms of violent cultural behavior. The connection between the Aztecs and the universe is evident among their myths about how human beingss were created. One innovation myth is the story of the goddess Tlaltecutli. In the sto ry Tlaltecutli was ripped apart by the gods Quetzalcoatl and Tezcatlipoca and her body parts were apply to create the earth and the other gods. This event ca utilise Tlaltecutli to desire human hearts and she would non be quiet until they were brought to her.Nor would she bear fruit until she had been drenched in human blood. Another creation myth, and the nearly common legend amongst the Aztecs, was that the god Quetzalcoatl descended into the underworld and retrieved the bones and ashes of previous human beings in order to recreate humanity because the universe had been destroyed after the fourth cheerfulness went out. Quetzalcoatl ground the bones into powder and used his blood to fertilize it and create humans. The Aztecs also had a myth that explained how the Sun and moon were created.According to legend, the gods Nanautzin and Tecuziztecatl sacrificed themselves by jumping into a fire, which turned them into the Sun and moon. The other gods also sacrificed themselves to pr ovide nourish custodyt for the Sun. However the Sun and the Earth settle down had an insatiable craving for human blood, therefore war was created to satisfy the Suns needs. Whats interesting about these creation myths is that they all included many form of death, sacrifice, or blood shed in order to create something. The creation myths shaped the foundation for why Aztecs go ind so frequently fierceness on violent cultural behavior.In the Aztec society, human sacrifice was extremely common. This is because sacrifices were the main method of creating cosmic order between humans and the universe. Pubic sacrifices took place at the beginning of each of the 18 twenty-day months. The sacrifices consisted of mostly captured warriors, but in rare cases included children and young women. The purpose of public sacrifice was to acquire the nobleman forces embedded in the physiology of human beings in order to nourish the Sun, Earth, and rain.Aztec ceremonies consisted of days of ritual preparation, ceremonial sacrifice, and acts of nourishing the gods and the community. Priests carried out the sacrifices, which included many forms such as decapitation, burning, hurling from great heights, strangulation, and arrow sacrifice. The most common was the removal of the heart. The heart and the head were the two most important body parts to the Aztecs. Tonalli was a cause of energy that came from the head and determined the shape of ones temperament and destiny. Tonalli was first acquired as an embryo in a female uterus.The Sun was the most powerful way to increase tonalli. It was believed that hair prevented tonalli from leaving the body. Therefore hair was a major prize in warfare. When heads were decapitated during ceremonies, the city as a whole gained tonalli. Teyolia, or diving fire, was the energy that came from the heart and determined a persons sensibilities and thinking patterns. When a person died his or her tayolia travelled to the world of the dead, or sky of the Sun. Tayolia gives energy to the Sun, which is why heart sacrifices were so popular.Giving hearts and heads wasnt the only donation made to the higher powers. Bloodshed was also seen as a type of nourishment. The Aztecs believed that spilling blood was vital to please the gods and to ensure natural forces such as strong harvests. Another Aztec creation myth, the story of Tezcatlipoca, gives strong insight into the importance of bloodshed. In the story the body of Tezcatlipoca was cut into pieces and divided over the four directions of the world, with his blood flowing into the center.The divine blood redistributed energy to animals, body parts, vegetation, and the calendar. Although The Aztecs believed that by giving the hearts and heads of their victims to the gods and the universe, they would be blessed with gifts like bountiful harvests, strength in war, and healthy lives, they didnt coif sacrifice just to receive blessings they also feared that the universe would be dest royed. The Aztecs believed that there had been four previous ages that the universe passed through prior to the present age, the Fifth Age.At the end of each age, the Sun went out and caused a catastrophic event that destroyed all life on Earth. In the Second Age, for example, it was believed that the beings that lived there were carried absent by the wind. (AD1, p. 4) The fear of the Sun going out again and ending the Fifth Age is one the main catalysts for explaining why the Aztecs placed so much importance on human sacrifice, warfare, and other violent cultural behavior. In order to ensure that the Sun wouldnt go out again, the Aztecs participated in what is cognize as the New Fire Ceremony.It took place once every fifty-two years and was used to ensure that the Sun would last for another fifty-two years. The conversion was achieved by the heart sacrifice of a brave, captured warrior specifically chosen by the king. The ceremony began at the top of a mountain with a priest ab scission out the warriors heart and throwing it into a fire. The community in the village would past cut themselves and splatter their blood in the direction of the fire. The fire was then brought down the mountain and the people blistered themselves with fire.The Aztecs believed that if they did not perform the ceremony properly to nourish the Sun, it would go out and the demons of the darkness would descend to eat all human beings. The New Fire Ceremony is a great example of how the Aztecs viewed the connection between human beings and the cosmos. The role of humankind in the Aztec society was very pre-determined. work force were devoted to warfare and females were devoted to the household. Warfare was extremely important to Aztec men because it was used as a way to appease the gods with the hearts of prisoners of war.It was also used a way to rank the importance and worth of a man. Men higher up in the military rank received more luxuries and entitlements than men of lower rank s. For example, a top war commander, or quauhpilli, was given land by the ruler and could run schools for commoners. Military service was a compulsory covenant by all free men. The Aztecs innate desire for combat is a direct impact of the believed connection between conflict and nourishment for the universe.When a male child was born, he is dedicated to the Sun, and the flowery death of the warrior in battle or on the killing stone. This shows that the Aztecs believed that the only honorable death for a male is on the battlefield or being sacrificed on another tribes killing stone. The Aztec devotion to the universe was so strong that they not only believed that they had to sacrifice others in battle to please the gods they had to sacrifice themselves as well. The culture and beliefs of the Aztec civilization were much different than the culture and beliefs of society today.Human sacrificing no longer occurs because it is considered venomous and unusual punishment. Humans do not b elieve that sacrifices and bloodshed are necessary to please a higher power. Although there are trusted religions that believe that the way humans act bear some consequence on things like karma and where we go in the future, it is rare to find a society in todays world that believes wholeheartedly that there is a direct connection between humans actions, the divine, and natural forces, like the Aztecs believed.Science and engine room have allowed humans to understand that we can control all aspects of processes such as growing crops and that the gods have no effect on it. Warfare, although still important, does not have nearly as strong of an impact on humans today. Warfare is only needed for protection, to defend other countries, or in certain areas of the world, to attempt to settle religious differences like the Shiite and Sunni Muslims. Today, men and women have the choice to grow up and become whatever they want.Men are not take to serve in the military and women have the ab ility to do more than just take care of the household. The main difference between the Aztecs and humans today is that for the Aztecs, the connection to the universe was the most important aspect of life, while today creating a family, treating others fairly, and having proper morals are the most important aspects of life. The majority of people just want to make the most of their lives on Earth while they still have time, and depending on their beliefs, if they do it right they will reach an afterlife when they die.The Aztecs were one of mankinds most interesting civilizations. They devoted their lives to pleasing the universe and believed that sacrifice and bloodshed were the best ways of doing it. They attempted to control every aspect of their lives in order to keep the connection between humans and the universe in balance. The Aztec belief system was very extreme. No other civilization has put so much emphasis on sacrifices, and more than likely, no civilization ever will again .